ABSCISSION - The shedding of LEAVES, FRUIT, flower or seed from parts of a tree.

Abscission normally occurs in the autumn. SoME trees also abscise limbs as part of the reproduction process e.g. Willow. Fruits may be abscised from trees to benefit the remaining fruits allowing them to come to maturity.

Aberkenfig & District Bonsai Club (South Wales)

Aberkenfig

Name: Gary Duckenfield (Secretary)

email: duckenfieldg@aol.com

Tel No: 07803 570444

ACARICIDE - Are pesticides that kill MEmbers of the arachnid subclass Acari, which includes ticks and mites.

ACCENT POT - Miniature pot designed to accommodate an accent plant and enhance the overall image of the tree.

ACCLIMATISATION - The process by which plants are accustoMEd to growing conditions other than those they have previously become used to. This may involve temperature , air HUMIDITY, seasonal conditions and can take anything from a few days to an entire growing season.

Accrington & District BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Society - ACCRINGTON, LANCASHIRE

Venue: Hippings Vale Community Centre, Oswaldtwistle, Lancs

Day: First Tuesday of the month 7.30pm

Web Site: www.accringtonbonsai.co.uk/

Contact -

NaME: Ray Couldwell

email: contact.us@accringtonbonsai.co.uk

Tel No: 01254 383654

Acer (GENUS) - The genus of trees and shrubs commonly known as Maple, from the Latin word ācer MEaning sharp. There are approximately 128 different SPECIES.

There are thousands of different varieties/CULTIVAR>CULTIVARs worldwide. Acers are popular DECIDUOUS specimens for BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI being very "showy" trees both in the spring and autumn. The most popular are the red varieties of the Palmatum species, Deshojo being one that is widely available.

See seperate entries for the most popular bonsai species:
ACER BUERGERIANUM (TRIDENT MAPLE),
ACER CAMPESTRE (FIELD MAPLE),
ACER PLATANOIDES (NORWAY MAPLE),
ACER PALMATUM also known as MAPLE - JAPANESE (ACER PALMATUM).

ACER BUERGERIANUM (TRIDENT MAPLE) -

See MAPLE - TRIDENT (ACER BUERGERIANUM/ACER TRFIDUM).

ACER CAMPESTRE (FIELD MAPLE) -

See MAPLE - FIELD (ACER CAMPESTRE)

ACER PALMATUM - Also known as -  MAPLE - JAPANESE (ACER PALMATUM).

This category covers a wide range of CULTIVAR>CULTIVARs including : Deshojo, Chisio, Ukon, Dissectum Atropurpurium and many others. originating from Japan they exhibit a wide range of leaf and BARK colourings.

STYLE : Upright tree suitable for most styles except literati.

WARNING : Prefers dappled shade. Needs protection from scorching by exposure to the hottest sumMEr sun. Susceptible to APHIDS and SCALE INSECT.

ACER PLATANOIDES (NORWAY MAPLE) - See MAPLE - NORWAY (ACER PLATANOIDES)

ACERIFOLIOUS (LEAF) - Maple-like leaf form

ACICULAR (LEAF) - NEEDLE SHAPEd leaf - e.g. as seen on pine trees

ACID - A term describing soils with a pH content of less than 7.0. Although most trees will grow in acid soils soME including field maple, and beech do better in more ALKALINE conditions. Others particularly aZAleas, rhododendrons and some heathers will thrive only acid soils. These are called CALCIFUGEs (lime hating).

ACUMINATE (LEAF) - TAPERing to a long point. The emphasis here is on "long" as a leaf tapering to a short point is terMEd "Aristate".

ACUTE - Ending in a narrow angle of less than 90%, usually referring to leaf SHAPEs.

Adam's BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI -

Specialist suppliers of indoor & outdoor Bonsai Trees, tools, pots, wires & accessories. All our goods are expertly packaged & insured against damage.

All our items are available to buy, collect or view at -
ALL THINGS BONSAI,
Godfreys Garden Centre,
Hardwick Lane,
Sheffield,
S26 2BE

Open every weekend and other tiMEs by appointment.

Contact Adam

Tel: 07903 406 373

ADELGID - Tiny aphid-like insects attack CONIFERs and can seriously affect young tree producing tufts of white wool on the LEAVES.

Spraying twice with MALATHION 2-3 weeks apart is best treatMEnt for serious infestation.

ADVENTITIOUS - A term applied to SHOOTS or ROOTS which eMErge from part of the plant other than the growing points, usually from older wood such as the trunk or wound scars. Adventitious growth can be encouraged by heavy PRUNING . It may also be induced when the normal sap flow is interrupted by injury, disease or careless WIRING.

Aerial (ROOTS) - Roots which grow from the stem or branches of a plant. The most familiar aerial roots are those found on the Swiss Cheese plant ( Monstera pertusa). Many trees not normally noted for growing aerial roots will produce them from sections of the plant which are kept constatnt;y damp and cool for example surrounded by moss or leaf litter. This phenoMEnon is used in the method of propagation termed air LAYERING.

AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM - See "HORSE CHESTNUT".

Air LAYERING - The process by which ROOTS are developed on a stem or branch which is above the ground.

Aka MATSU School of BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI - CELLspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">AKA MATSU SCHOOL OF BONSAISeaham, Co DurhamNaME:

Graham Walkeremail:

graham.walker11@ntlworld.comTel No:

01287 637734Venue:

Seaton Community Centre, 
Seaton, 
Seaham, 
Co Durham SR7 0NA

Day:

1st Thursday monthly at 7.15pm

ALGAE - Primitive plants that form a green film on surfaces which are more or less constantly damp. Although the presence of algae on the trunk of a BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI can impart a feeling of age it is generally considered to be unsightly. If left unchecked algal growth can build up to a comparatively thick, bright green coating which can harbour fungal spores and small insect pests. Careful application once per year of a proprietary winter wash (tar oil or similar) diluted to half strength should be sufficient to keep it in check. Good ventiliation especially under winter protection, will also help.

ALKALINE - A term describng soils with a pH content of more than 7.0 , or calcium rich. Many trees will grow in alkaline soils but soME (referred to as CALCIFUGEs) will not tolerate alkaline soil at all.

All Things BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI - Site offers a range of bonsai products either on-line or via personal visit. Fortnightly beginers classes and fortnightly workshops also offered.

ALL THINGS BONSAI can be found at:
Godfreys Garden Centre
Hardwick Lane
Sheffield
S26 2BE

Open every weekend and other tiMEs by appointment.

Contact : Adam

Tel: 07903 406 373

ALTERNATE LEAF - LEAVES or BUD>BUDs which arise first on one side of the stem and then on the other alternately - as opposed to being directly opposite one another.

Alternate NODEs - LEAVES which form on alternate sides of a twig e.g. elm

Ambion BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Club - Winners of RHS Gold MEdal in 2011 and Best National Plant Display at BBC Gardeners World Live in 2010 and 2011. Meets last Thursday of every month except June and December.

Membership £20 p.a. Visitors £2 per meeting.

Meetings 19.30-22.00 at :

Hatters Space Community Centre,
Upper Abbey Street,
Nuneaton
CV11 5DN.

Contact : George Cox (024 7634 6277) or David Cheshire (07708 918847).

ANGIOSPERM - This is the term used to describe flowering trees or bushes where the seeds are enclosed in a soft fleshy body e.g. hawthorn, apple.

See also GYMNOSPERM.

Angustufolius LEAVES - Narrow leaf form.

ANNEALING - The process of softening aluminium/COPPER WIRE by heating and then allowing to cool before applying to BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI.

As copper is worked it becoMEs progressively stiffer. Most copper wire used as a conductor in electrical cables has not been annealed and is relatively stiff. To allow the wire to be used as bonsai wire simply heat with a blowlamp until it is red hot (which happens quite quickly) and allow to cool. The wire will now be much more supple. If you take a piece of the wire and bend it a few times it will become progressively stiffer again.

ANNUAL RING - The layer of NEW WOOD forMEd by the CAMBIUM layer laid down on the stem and brnches of trees during the growing season each year thus increasing the diameter of the tree.

APEX - The top of the tree.  Trees are described as apically dominant when the growth energy of teh tree is focussed towards the top branches as at the expense of lower branches.

APHIDS - These coME in a VARIETY of colours : greenfly, blackfly, whitefly or gall aphid. They colonise plants and suck the sap from the stems , LEAVES and FRUIT.

The first indication of an infestation is the curling and distortion of leaves. The WOOLLY APHID can be a serious problem on pine, larch and beech, manifesting itself as a white, fluffy, sticky mass.

The Gall aphid can result in development of GALLS on leaves.

In all cases the application of a INSECTICIDE>SYSTEMIC INSECTICIDE should be sufficient to deal with the problem.

Apical (of BUD>BUDs) - The end or terminal bud on a branch or on the APEX of the tree's trunk.

Apical buds tend to absorb more of the energy on the branch of the tree than buds found closer to the trunk.

APICAL DOMINANCE - Describes the concentration of energy at the top of the tree, usually resulting from the sun's impact.

This results in more vibrant growth at the APEX than elsewhere and often requires action to ensure that energy is more evenly spread throughout the tree.

A good example of an apically dominant GENUS of tree is Pinus.

The opposite effect i.e. more growth in the lower branches, is displayed by soME trees and bushes and is known as LATERAL DOMINANCE. An example of a laterally dominant tree is Rhododendron.

The aim in BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI  is to decrease either of these dominant tendencies so that the subject looks more like a mature tree rather than a bush or a sapling.

Approach GRAFT>GRAFTing - Also terMEd "inarching", this is the grafting process where the exposed CAMBIUM of the SCION (branch of the same tree) is fixed to the exposed cambium of the trunk at the location where a new branch is required. In time the scion grafts (or merges) to the wood of the tree.

Apressed (BUD>BUD) - Describes a bud which lies flat against the shoot

Apricot (Prunus muME) - Also referred to as Japanese Flowering Apricot. DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE with oval, TAPER pointed, mid-green LEAVES producing blossom, FRUITs and large blooms of fragrant FLOWERS on bare winter branches.

STYLE : suited to every style, except formal upright and broom.

WARNING : Do not allow soil to dry out while in BUD>BUD, otherwise buds will drop. Protect from frost to avoid DIE-BACK or flower damage.

Aquifolius LEAVES - Spiny leaf form.

Classic example is leaf of the holly (ilex aquifolium).

ARBORETUM - A place where trees are cultivated for scientific, aesthetic or educational interest.

ARCUATE - Leaf vein pattern where secondary veins emanating from a central stem bend towards the leaf APEX in a wine glass type of profile.

ARIL - A fleshy cup forMEd from fused CONE scales and enclosing a seed.

ARISTATE (LEAF) - Rounded shoulder with short spine-like tip.

ARMILLARIA - See entry for : "FUNGUS>HONEY FUNGUS"

Art of BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI - The ART OF BONSAI Project is an online journal and community for the examination and exploration of the bonsai art form.

Artistic Foundations of BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Design (Andy Rutledge) - Author : Andy Rutledge

Available only on line as far as we know.

This book is an effort to help bonsai enthusiasts understand how to use tiME-honored methods—artistic methods—for producing more successful and meaningful bonsai designs and displays. The text will examine in some detail the language of art as applied to bonsai. This examination of what some perhaps mistakenly call the rules of bonsai is meant to explain and expound upon the commonly cited fundamentals of bonsai styling that are referenced in other texts.

This book provides some relevant, important insights into human psychology and perception, but only to a point. The reader should understand, though, that and understanding of psychology and behavioral science is necessary for effective artistry.

ATAMA - Japanese term for APEX.  See also " shin " and " ten " which appear to all have the saME meaning.

AURICLE - An ear SHAPEd extension at the base of a leaf.

AUXINS - Any of several plant hormones that naturally promote CELL elongation.

Synthetic auxins have been produced that can be used as herbicides and can target single groups of plants such as dandelions but do not affect others e.g grasses.

AXIL - The angle between the PETIOLE>PETIOLE (leaf stalk) and the stem of a plant. Hence axillary describes growth from this point.

Ayr BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Group - Group of approximately 25 bonsai enthusiasts who MEet on the 2nd Sunday of every month in

Alloway Village Hall,
Alloway,
Ayr.

KA7 4PY

Contact : Jeff Banning (Convener) 07799477895 or jeffbanning@btinternet.com

See Scottish Bonsai Association website for details - click Web Link button.

AYR FLOWER SHOW - Annual flower show event held in Ayr every August.

Attended every year by the Ayr BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Group who put on a fabulous stand winning not only a large gold but also the Best Display Stand in Show. Held 2nd-4th August at Rozelle Park, Ayr.

The show ceased in 2016 after the Ayrshire horticultural Society withdrew its support.

AZAlea (Rhododendron) - Azaleas and rhododendrons are the saME plant, both ericaceous (lime-hating), with thousands of CULTIVAR>CULTIVARs. They are noted for the wide VARIETY and vibrancy of colours of FLOWERS which bloom mostly on "garden" specimens in mid-spring.

Most popular for BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI are the SATSUKI AZALEA (RHODODENDRON INDICUM) which are distinguished by often having multiple different coloured blooms on the same tree.

Also popular although less well recognised is the KURUME AZALEA which is a HYBRID of R. obtusum and R. kiusianum both native to the island of Kyushu, the southernmost island of Japan.

STYLE : Best in all sizes and all styles, except broom.

WARNING : Some fertilizers can be slightly ALKALINE so ensure truly ERICACEOUS FERTILIZER only is used.

AZAlea Gall - This disease causes the LEAVES to thicken and becoME misSHAPEn, like "ear lobes" which are, at first, covered by a pale green powder, later turning white.

The treatment required is to cut off the stricken leaves and treat the plant with ZINEB or CAPTAN preparations.

Image shown is by kind permission of RHS/Tim Sandall.

BACCATUS - Berried or BERRY-like

Nearly forty years in making BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI pots which are currently included in collections in Britain, Europe, Japan and North AMErica and feature regularly in major exhibitions at home and abroad where they are used to compliment quality trees.

All pots are hand made and fired to stoneware temperature of 1260 degrees C so are frost proof. Ian's speciality is round pots thrown on the wheel but rectangles, cascades, slabs, crescents and freeform containers (and recently a new range of MAME and SHOHIN (SIZE) pots) are also made, all with a range of subtle glazes specifically developed for bonsai.

Pots can be purchased at BONSAI TRADERS ASSOCIATION events and British Shohin Association events. Orders can also be placed by phone or email. A Facebook page has been started and can be found below and on the Web Link button.

Contact details:
Tel:01875 852 887
Email: ianwbaillie@aol.com
Facebook: Click (you will need a Facebook account to see the page)

BALANCED FEED - Relates to fertilizers with equal proportions of Nitrogen, phosphorous and POTASSIUM (NPK)

BANKAN - BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI style: a tree with a TWISTED or coiled trunk

BARK - See : STERILIZED BARK

BARK(TREE)>BARK (TREE) - Basically this is the outermost layer on the trunk and branches of trees.

The Inner Bark is alive while the Outer Bark (terMEd rhytidome) includes dead tissue along with some elements of the live inner bark.

See also CAMBIUM, XYLEM, and PHLOEM.

BARKSTRIPPER>BARK STRIPPER - As its naME suggests, used for stripping bark when creating SHARIs or other features.

May also be used for removing wood, thinning JINs and clearing soft or rotten wood.

BARKBEETLE>BARK BEETLE - These are black or brown, cylindrically SHAPEd beetles which burrow under the bark and are particularly prevalent in CONIFERs.

FUNGUS developes in the tunnels and the holes of eMErging beetles appear. Bark may fall off and branches die.

Treatment involves removing and destroying infected branches, enriching the soil with phosphorous and POTASSIUM and spraying with lindane and PARATHION based INSECTICIDE in spring to kill beetles and at the end of winter to destroy larvae.

BARKBOUND>BARK BOUND - Applied to a tree whose growth has been stunted by drought or starvation, and whose bark as a result has becoME hard, thus inhibiting growth. The problem can be alleviated by slitting the bark vertically with a very sharp knife and growing the tree in open ground for at least one season.

BARKCLEANER>BARK CLEANER - Keeping old bark in pristine condition is a perennial problem, especially in the U.Ks damp climate. Because of the damp weather and regular WATERING, bark, which is very absorbent tends to be the perfect place for green ALGAE to colonize.

After tiME this can become quite thick and if not cleaned away will progress to a lush carpet of green moss, under which the precious old bark will be decaying.

Bark Cleaner and Algae Remover solves this problem. The product harnesses the power of sunlight to lift algae away from the supporting surface, it then simply dries up and blows away.

Treatment involves spraying the affected area until it is evenly damp and putting it in the sun to take effect.

BASAL SHOOT - A shoot emanating from the neck or CROWN>CROWN of the tree.

Bedfordshire BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Society - CELLspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">BEDFORDSHIRE BONSAI SOCIETYNR. LUTON BEDS.NaME:

Steve Lee - Secretaryemail:

bedsbonsai@hotmail.co.ukTel No:

01234 765600Venue:

Toddington Village Hall Toddington, BedsDay:

Monthly:  Weds 7:30pmWebsite:

Google Bedfordshire Bonsai Society

BEECH (FAGUS) - DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE which according to Wikipedia has ten SPECIES of which 2 variants are most popular for BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI : European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and Japanese white beech(Fagus crenata), the latter distinguished by narrower, darker and more pointed LEAVES than the forMEr.

In both types the leaves change to russet brown in winter and remain on the tree until displaced by new BUD>BUDs.

STYLE : Best suited to medium/large size specimens (because of leaf size) in formal/informal upright, slanting, twin trunk, CLUMP and group styles.

WARNING : Easily scorched by drying winds.

BEECH (SOUTHERN) - The tree commonly referred to as the SOUTHERN BEECH because of its southern hemisphere origins is related to the GENUS "Fagus" but is now treated as a separate genus known as NOTHOFAGUS (see entry under this naME for details).

BENOMYL - Benomyl (also marketed as Benlate) is a FUNGICIDE introduced in 1968 by DuPont.

It gradually becaME ineffective and ceased production in 2001. However, as DuPont's patents expired long ago and in some countries benomyl's registration has not been revoked, other manufacturers still produce it.

Commercial names for products containing benomyl are Agrodit, Benex, Benlate, Benosan, Fundazol, and Tersan

Berberis (BarBERRY) - A shrub which grows no higher than 12 feet in the wild. May be DECIDUOUS, EVERGREEN or partially evergreen depending on SPECIES. Evergreen LEAVES are green while deciduous leaves may be purple/green with bright autumn colours. Leaves can be prickly or smooth edged,. FLOWERS are yellow and berries coME in a VARIETY of colours.

STYLE : Suitable for most styles with exception of formal upright.

WARNING : Berberis flowers off 1 year old branches coming off 2 year OLD WOOD. If pruned too early it will not flower.

Berkshire BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Society - CELLspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">BERKSHIRE BONSAI SOCIETYREADING, BERKSHIRENaME:

Tania Clentworth,

email:

info@berkshirebonsai.co.uk

Tel No:

07817 418 708

Venue:

BARKham Village Hall

Day:

2nd. Wednesday

BERRY - Soft FRUIT containing one or more seeds which does not open on ripening, such as the fruit of the hawthorn or cotoneaster.

BIFENTHRIN - Bifenthrin is a INSECTICIDE>PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE previously used in BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI against red SPIDER MITE. Its use was banned in the UK during 2011.

Brands including bifenthrin include : Bayer Sprayday Greenfly Killer Plus, Bayer Multirose 3-in-1, Bayer Bug-Free, Bayer Bug and Disease Killer, Doff All in One Garden Pest Killer, Scotts Rose Clear 3, Scotts Rose Clear 3 Gun, and Scotts Bug Clear Gun

BILOBATE - Leaf divided into two lobes.

BINNY PLANTS - HoME of the BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAICOLLECTION>SCOTTISH NATIONAL BONSAI COLLECTION.

Binny Plants is a specialist nursery and plant sales dealer who have kindly donated some space in a public area to allow the erection of a secure display area for the National Bonsai Collection. This enables wider viewing of the National Collection to members of the public during normal business hours.

Contact Details - Binny Plants,
Binny Estate, Ecclesmachan,
West Lothian,
Scotland,
EH52 6NL

Email: contact@binnyplants.com

BIOCHAR - Biochar is CHARCOAL which is being investigated for its properties in carbon capture and health improveMEnt in trees.

Investigations have shown that Biochar applied in the soil around Ash trees in the UK has "immunised" those Ash trees against Ash Dieback. Current thinking is that the trees are more than healthy enough to fight off disease and virus attacks.

BIOGOLD - Biogold is a world-famous Japanese organic slow-release BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI fertiliser.

Biogold pellets can be placed on the surface or inserted in the soil just below the surface around pot edges. Every tiME it rains, or water is applied, some of the Biogold will be dissolved and the feed become available to the ROOTS. They last for several months, depending on the weather.

Biogold pellets give off a faint smell until watered the first time, after that they are odourless.

BiPINNATE - Leaf configuration also described as doubly pinnate. A leaf consisting of a central axis and lateral axis to which LEAVES are attached.

BIRCH (EUROPEAN WHITE) - HARDY>HARDY DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE with thin peeling white BARK and MEdium sized "inverted teardrop SHAPEd LEAVES with slightly serrated edges.

Prevalent all over Europe - in mountains in the south and in the lowlands further north.

STYLE : Suitable for most styles except literati but particularly good for group diplays.

WARNING : Needs light and water.  Never allow soil to dry out

Birch - DWARF/ARCTIC (BETULA NANA) - HARDY>HARDY DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE shiny, copper coloured trunk and small "inverted teardrop SHAPEd LEAVES with slightly serrated edges. It is in flower in May, and the seeds ripen in July.

STYLE : Suitable for most styles except literati but particularly good for tray landscape (SAIKEI) styles.

WARNING : None recorded.

BIRCH - SILVER (BETULA PENDULA) - HARDY>HARDY DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE shiny, silver coloured trunk and MEdium sized "inverted teardrop SHAPEd LEAVES with slightly serrated edges.

Prevalent in many areas of Scotland and sometimes referred to as "Scotland's Weed Tree" as it is a pioneering SPECIES in poor quality soil and will establish itself before other trees.

STYLE : Suitable for most styles except literati but particularly good for tray landscape (SAIKEI) styles.

WARNING : None recorded.

Birch SPECIES - Birch is a HARDY>HARDY DECIDUOUSTREE>DECIDUOUS TREE belonging to the GENUS Betula which contains more than 30 species.

They are typically rather short-lived pioneer species, the most common of which in BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI are the Silver Birch ( BIRCH - SILVER (BETULA PENDULA) ) and Arctic Birch ( Birch - DWARF/Arctic (Betula Nana) ). (See these individual entries for detail).

Often known as Scotland's weed tree since there are so many of them in areas of poor soil conditions e.g. PEAT mosses.

BITERNATE (LEAF) - A term used to describe a leaf that is divided and then sub-divided into units of three.

BLACK SPOT - This is a sooty, black deposit on LEAVES, often affecting elm SPECIES and usuallly restricted to one side of the plant. The condition can be treated with ORTHO-PHALTON 50.

Blackmore Vale BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Group - MEets at the Silver Band Hall, Bleke Street Shaftesbury, Dorset, England.

"Enjoy the company of like minded Bonsai growers. No matter if you are a beginner of advanced, one tree or many you will be assured of a warm welcome. Our Meetings are informal and informative.  We are here to help."

Meets on : Second Friday of month Starting at 7.30pm,  finishing at about 9.30pm.  The charge per meeting is £3.00.

Contact via phone on

- Geoff  01373 823820

or

- Pat 01747 853475

or

email  - m5eay.geoff@btinternet.com

BLEACHING DEADWOOD - Deadwood is bleached to a silver-white patina, naturally in nature by the effects of sun and rain.

In BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI liME sulphur is applied to deadwood to mimic the effect and also act as a preservative to the deadwood. When applied the LIME SULPHUR is yellow and smelly but it dries white and the smell disappears. The white then weathers to a more natural shade. (See also Lime Sulphur).

BLEEDING - The excessive loss of sap from the newly cut surface of a plant. This natural protection is unsightly on BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI and can be minimised by avoiding PRUNING susceptible SPECIES when the sap is likely to be rising such as in spring or soon after WATERING.

BLIND (SHOOT) - Applied to a shoot without a terminal BUD>BUD, usually the result of disease or damage.

BOLE - An alternative naME for the trunk of the tree

BOMBYCOID MOTH - Also known as "spongy CATERPILLARS.

Signs of infestation are silken threads between NEEDLEs or LEAVES and appearance of a sponge looking nest in the foliage.

Best treatMEnt is to spray with contact INSECTICIDE.

BON (POT) - Japanese term for the ceramic container or pot in which a tree is planted to create a BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI (tree in pot).

BONJU - Tree size sub-CLASSIFICATION in the "Large" BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI range, MEasuring 100-150 cms.

BONKEI - A potted landscape consisting of rocks , small trees and other plants and always with miniature, figures, houses or bridges, usually planted in a very shallow dish of tray.

BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI - Literally “plant in a pot” the term has coME to mean the traditional Japanese art of creating in miniature the splendour of a fully grown tree by careful and meticulous PRUNING and shaping of a tree growing in a (usually shallow) container.

BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI (Peter Warren) - Author : Peter Warren

This brand new guide to an ancient art offers inspiring images of top trees from around teh world and practical advice on everything from choosing speciMEns - and how to style them - to what to do to keep your bonsai at its best for a lifetome of enjoyment.

BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI @ 16 - Suppliers of hand selected imported bonsai trees and quality accessories based in Cornwall.

Has a number of web presences at Facebook (link above), ebay (here) and a web site (here).

Supplier of British made annealed COPPER WIRE keeping the costs down due to reduced shipping and import costs.

Contact - Marcus
Mobile -  07855 300789

Unit 16
Dunveth Business Park,
West Hill,
Wadebridge
Cornwall

BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Basho - Described as Bonsai Community, Marketplace, Reference facility.

Basic MEmbership of Bonsaibasho.com is free to everyone; private members and traders alike where they can list and advertise trees and goods for sale.

BONSAI>BONSAI>BONSAI Centre - Appear to offer full range of bonsai trees and equipMEnt, plus some services like re-potting - both on site and at home.

Contact - Court Farm Garden Centre
Old Kingston Road
Worcester Park
Surrey
KT4 7QH

Tel: 07740 203602